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Intraocular Lenses

Dr. Puja Rai

Intraocular Lenses (IOLs) are artificial lenses implanted in the eye to replace the eye’s natural lens when it is removed during cataract surgery. Here’s a breakdown of each

Types of IOLs

1 . Monofocal IOLs

  • These are the most common type of IOLs used in Cataract Surgery
  • As the name suggests, they provide clear vision at one distance, usually at far.
  • Patients may still require glasses for near work.

2. Multifocal IOLs

    • These IOLs are engineered to provide clear vision at multiple distances.
    • They can correct both near, intermediate and distance vision, potentially reducing dependence on glasses.
    • Therefore it allows individuals to enjoy various styles of over the counter sunglasses without worrying about prescriptions.

Cons:

  • Glare and Halos at night: These are major complaints of patients having multifocal IOLs, especially with night driving. Though for majority of the patients it is a temporary effect and disappears after few months post surgery.
  • Need for bright light: Patients may need bright light for finer chores like reading.
  • May need reading glasses: especially for finer prints

3. Toric IOLs

  • These are designed to correct astigmatism, a condition where the cornea is irregularly shaped, leading to distorted vision.
  • Toric IOLs have different powers in different meridians to correct astigmatism.
  • They are to be placed at a particular defined axis for each patient to neutralize the astigmatic power.
  • At times there may be inappropriate rotation of the IOL within the eye post surgery and thus need rotation of the IOL as a corrective measure.

Dr. Puja Rai

MBBS,DNB (Ophthalmology),FCRS…MBBS,DNB (Ophthalmology),FCRS (Cornea & MicroSurgery)MBBS,DNB (Ophthalmology),FCRS (Cornea & MicroSurgery)
Specialist OphthalmologistSpecialist OphthalmologistSpecialist Ophthalmologist
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4. Extended Depth of Focus (EDOF) IOLs

  • These IOLs provide an extended range of vision, reducing the need for glasses for both near and intermediate distances.
  • Individuals may still need glasses for near work in order to have clear vision.
  • Particularly beneficial for intermediate distances, such as computer work or reading.

Suitability Factors

  • Eye Health: The overall health of the eye is crucial in determining the suitability for IOL implantation. Each patient should ideally be assessed for the presence of dry eyes. A healthy ocular surface is important for a successful cataract surgery.
  • Existing Vision Problems: Patients with existing eye conditions like macular degeneration or glaucoma are suitable for mono-focal IOLs at best
  • Lifestyle: Consider your daily activities and visual needs. For example, someone who spends a lot of time reading may benefit from multifocal IOLs. Those who use computer screens for most part of the day may be better off with EDOF IOLs
  • Patient Preference: Your preference and comfort level with potential side effects or trade-offs associated with different types of IOLs should be considered.

Before deciding on the type of IOL, it’s essential to consult with an Ophthalmologist who can assess your specific vision needs and recommend the most suitable option based on your individual circumstances.